Ecotourism Development Strategy of Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20397/2177-6652/2023.v23i4.2732Resumen
The overall purpose of this study is to obtain an understanding of Cuc Phuong National Park residents’ perceptions and satisfaction to ward ecotourism impacts as well as their attitudes for ecotourism development. In addition, this study also points out the main issues of current ecotourism strategies in Cuc Phuong National Park.
Method: Measurement of dispersion of the data using the standard deviation of the measurement. According to the framework, residents’ perceptions of tourism impact as well as their satisfaction of tourism impacts and their attitude for additional tourism development are determined by their socio-demographic characteristics.
Results: The results showed that in general, people had perception about tourism impacts, especially, people in young age group, high income and education groups. However, there were amount of respondents who did not see the benefit of tourism and appeared unconcerned or ambivalent about tourism development contributing their living condition in many aspects of tourism impacts.
Conclusion: the authority of Cuc Phuong National Park must recognize the perception, satisfaction and attitudes of local resident toward tourism impact in unit and tourism development in general and then building ecotourism strategies based on ecotourism criteria and put the local community interests first or is so- called local community-centeredness.
Citas
Abbot, J., A. D. Thomas, S. Gardner, M. Neba, and M. Khen. 2001. Understanding The Links Between Conservation and Development in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon. World Development 29(7):1115- 1136.
Allen, L. R., H. R. Hafer, P. T. Long, and R. R. Purdue. 1993. Rural Residents’ Attitudes toward Recreation and Tourism Development. Journal of Travel Research 31 (4):27-33.
Andereck, K. L., K. M. Valentine, R. C. Knopf, and C. A. Vogt. 2005. Residents’ Perceptions of Community Tourism Impacts. Annals of Tourism Research 32(4):1056-1076.
Andriotis, K. 2004. The Perceived Impact of Tourism Development by Cretan Residents. Tourism and Hospitality Planning and Development 1(2):123-144.
Andriotis, K. 2005. Community Groups’ Perceptions of and Preferences for Tourism Development: Evidence from Crete. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research 29(1):67-90.
Andriotis, K. and D. R. Vaughan. 2003. Urban Residents’ Attitudes towards Tourism Development: The Case of Crete. Journal of Travel Research 42(2):172-185.
Ap, J. 1990. Residents’ Perception Research on the Social Impacts of Tourism.
Annals of Tourism Research 17:610-615.
Ap, J. 1992. Residents’ Perception on Tourism Impacts. Annals of Tourism Research 19(4):665-690.
Ap, J. and J. L. Crompton. 1998. Developing and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale. Journal of Travel Research 37(2):120-131.
Archabald, K. and L. Naughton-Treves. 2001. Tourism Revenue-Sharing around National Parks in Western Uganda: Early efforts to Identify and Reward Local Communities. Environmental Conservation 28:135–149.
Archer, B. and C. Cooper. 1994. The Positive and Negative Impacts of Tourism. In: W.F. Theobald (Eds), Global Tourism: The Next Decade. Great Britain: Butterworth Heinemann.
Ashton, R. 1991. The Financing of Conservation – the Concept of Self- supporting Ecopreserves. Berne, NY: Ecotourism and Resource Conservation Project.
Barnes, J., J. Burgess, and D. Pearce. 1992. Wildlife Tourism, Economics for the Wilds London: T.M. Swanson and E.B. Barbier (eds) 51-136.
Blamey, R. K. 2001. Principles of Ecotourism. New York: CAB International.
Boyd, S. W. and R. W. Butler. 1996. Managing Ecotourism: An Opportunity Spectrum Approach. Tourism Management 17(8):557-566.
Brown, F. 1998. Tourism Reassessed: A Blight or Blessing? Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Brunt, P. and P. Courtney. 1999. Host Perceptions of Sociocultural Impacts.
Annals of Tourism Research 26:493-515.
Buckely, R., C. Pickering, and D. B. Weaver. 2003. Nature Based Tourism, Environment and Land Management. Virgina, USA: George Mason University.
Buckley, R. C. 2001. Ecotourism accreditation in Australia. Oxon: CAB International.
Bui, D. S. 2010. Local Community Perception on Ecotourism in Cuc Phuong National Park, NinhBinh province, Vietnam. In: 2010 Rural Economics
Society of Taiwan Annual meeting. Taipei, Taiwan.
Bui, D. S. 2013. Local Residents' Perception on Ecotourism in Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam. International Journal of Research in Sicial Science 3(1):347-361.
Burn, D. 1996. Attitudes toward Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research 23(4):835-938.
Cater, E. 1995. Environmental Contradictions in Sustainable Tourism.
Geographical Journal 161(1):211-218.
Chen, J. S. 2000. An Investigation of Urban Tourism Residents Loyalty of Tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research 24(1):5-19.
Chen, J. S. 2001. Assessing and Visualizing Tourism Impacts from Urban Residents’ Perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research 25(3):235-250.
Cheyre, L. I. H. 2005. Rural Tourism as a Development Strategy: Case Study from Chile (Unpublished master dissertation). Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Coakes, S. J., L. Steed, and P. Dzidic. 2006. SPSS version 13 for Windows: Analysis without Anguish. 42 Mc Dougall Street, Milton Qld 4064: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Cuc Phuong National Park. 2009. Constructional Investment Project of Cuc Phuong National Park. Ninh Binh, Vietnam: Cuc Phuong National Park.
Cuc Phuong National Park. 2012. Cuc Phuong Tourism Document Report.
Ninh Binh, Vietnam: Cuc Phuong National Park.
Dimanche, F. and G. Smith. 1996. Is Ecotourism an Appropriate answer to
Tourism’s Environmental Concerns? Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing 3(4):7–76.
Document of the IX National Congress in Vietnam. 2001. Document of the IX National Congress in Vietnam. Hanoi: National Politics Publishing House.
Dogan, H. Z. 1989. Forms of Adjustment: Social Cultural Impacts of Tourism.
Annals of Tourism Research 16:216-236.
Eagles, P. F. J., F. Stephen, and McCool. 2002. Tourism in National Parks in Protected Areas - Planning and Management. CABI. Wallingford.
Easterling, D. 2004. The Residents’ Perspective in Tourism Rearch: A Review and Synthesis. . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 17(4):45-62.
Edgell and David. L. 2006. Managing sustainable tourism. A Legacy for the Future. Haworth press.
Epler Wood, M. and E. Halpenny. 2001. Ecotourism Certification and Evaluation: Progress and Prospects. Oxon: CAB International.
Fennel, D. A. 2001. A Content Analysis of Ecotourism Definitions. Current Issues in Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 4(5):403–421.
Fennell, D. A. 1999. Ecotourism: An Introduction. New York: Routledge.
Fennell, D. A. 2003. Ecotourism : An Introduction. London ; New York: Routledge.
Fiallo, E. and S. Jacobson. 1995. Local Communities and Protected Areas: Attitudes of Rural Residents toward Conservation and Machalilla National Park, Ecuador. Environmental Conservation 22:241-249.
Finn, M., W. M. Elliott, and M. Walton. 2000. Tourism and Leisure Research
Methods: Data Collection, Analysis and Interpretation. Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, England: Pearson Education.
Freeman, R. E. 1984. Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach.
Boston, Pitman.
General Statistical Office of Vietnam. 1999. Structure of population as of April 1999 by ethnic group. Pulished by Statistical Office of Vietnam.
Getz, D. 1994. Residents Attitudes towards Tourism: A Longitudinal Study in Spey Valley, Scotland. Tourism Management 12(5):112-125.
Gillingham, S. and P. Lee. 1999. The Impact of Wildlife-Related Benefits on the Conservation Attitudes of Local People Around the Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania. Environmental Conservation 26(3):218–228.
Gursoy, D., C. Jurowski, and M. Uysal. 2002. Resident Attitudes: A Structural Modeling Approach. Annals of Tourism Research 29(1):79-105.
Gursoy, D. and D. Rutherford. 2004. Host Attitudes toward Tourism, An Improved Structural Model. Annals of Tourism Research 31(3):495-516.
Haralambopoulos, N. and A. Pizam. 1996. Perceived Impact of Tourism, the Case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research 23(3):503-526.
Harrill, R. 2004. Residents’ Attitudes toward Tourism Development: A Literature Review with Implications for Tourism Planning. Journal of Planning Literature 18(3):251-266.
Harvey, J. and A. Hoare. 1995. Benefits of Ecotourism in Local Communities.
Gainesville, Florida: Wildlife Conservation Society.
Honey, M. 1999. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? Washington, DC: Island.
Honey, M. 2008. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Honey, M. and E. Stewart. 2002. The evolution of ‘green’ standards for tourism. Washington, DC: Island.
Inskeep, E. 1991. Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Jennings, G. 2001. Tourism Research, Brisbane: John Wiley & Sons.
Johnson, A. 2002. Measuring Success : Ecotourism and Wildlife Conservation in Lao PDR. Monitoring biodiversity and natural resource use along Nam Ha National Protected Area Ecotourism Routes. Wildlife Conservation Society.
Jones, T. M. 1995. Instrumental Stakeholder Theory: A Synthesis of Ethics and Economics. 404-437. In: Proceeding of The Academy of Management Review.
Jordan Ministry of Travel and Tourism. 2004. Jordan National Tourism Strategy in 2004-2010. Tourism and Antiquities, Jordan.
Jurowski, C., M. Uysal, and D. R. William. 1997. A Theoretical Analysis of Host Community Residents Reactions to Tourism. Journal of Travel Research 36(2):3-11.
Karwacki, J. and C. Boyd. 1995. Ethics and Ecotourism. Business Ethics: A European Review 4(4):225–232.
Kayat, K. 2000. Power Through Tourism: A Blessing on Mahsuri’s Eighth Generation in Langkawi? PhD thesis. Michigan State University.
Kayat, K. 2002. Power, Social Exchanges and Tourism in Langkawi: Rethinking Resident Perceptions. International Journal of Tourism
Research 4(3):171-191.
Kayat, K. and D. Propst. 2001. Exchanges between Residents and Tourism Development. Malaysian Management Journal 5(1&2):1-15.
Khanh, N. N. 1999. Characteristics of Ecosystems: A Basis for Ecotourism Development in Vietnam In: Workshop Building a National Strategy for Ecotourism Development in Vietnam. 7-9 September 1999.
King, B. 2010. Transfrontier Conservation in Africa. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 100(2):485-487.
King, B., A. Pizam, and A. Milman. 1993. Social Impacts of Tourism: Host Perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research 20(4):650-665.
Kreag, G. 2001. The Impact of Tourism, Minnesota Sea Grant. University of Minnesota.
Kuvan, Y. and P. Akan. 2005. Residents’ Attitudes toward General and Forest- related Impact of Tourism: the Case of Belek, Antalya. Tourism Management 26:691-706.
Lankford, S. V. 1994. Attitudes and Perceptions toward Tourism and Rural Regional Development. Journal of Travel Research 23(3):33-35.
Lawson, R. W., J. Williams, T. Young, and J. Cossens. 1998. Comparison of Residents’ Attitudes Towards in 10 New Zealand Destinations. Tourism Management 10(3):247-256.
Le, V. L. 1999. Ecotourism in Protected Areas in Vietnam: Potential, Existing Conditions, Solutions and Strategy for Development. In: Workshop on Development of a National Ecotourism Strategy for Vietnam. Hanoi, Vietnam.
Leech, N. L. and K. C. Barrett. 2005. SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use
and Interpretation (2nd Edition). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
LT Lan et al. (2021). Cultural Tourism Development and Folk Festivals Management in North of Vietnam-Ha Long Bay, Thai Nguyen City and Hanoi, Revista geintec-gestao Inovacao E Tecnologias 11 (4), 37-50
Lickorish, L. J. 1991. Developing Tourism Destinations. Longman, Harlow, UK.
Lindberg, K., J. Enriquez, and K. Sproule. 1996. Ecotourism Questioned: Case Studies from Belize Annals of Tourism Research 23(3):543-562.
MA European Tourism Management. 2006. Ecotourism in Laos: an Alternative or a Marketing Tool for Ecotour Operators?
Madrigal, R. 1993. A Tale of Tourism in Two Cities. Annals of Tourism Research 17(4):586–599.
Maikhuri, R., S. Nautiyal, K. Rao, and K. Saxena. 2001. Conservation policy- people conflicts: A case study from Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (A World Heritage Site). Forest Policy and Economics 2: 355–365.
Mason, P. 1995. Tourism: Environment and Development Perspectives.
Godalming, UK: World Wild Fund for Nature.
Mason, P. 2008. Tourism: Impacts, Planning and Management. London: Elsevier.
McGehee, N. G. and K. L. Andereck. 2004. Factors Predicting Rural Residents’ Support of Tourism. Journal of Travel Research 43(2):131- 140.
McGehee, N. G., K. L. Andereck, and C. A. Vogt. 2002. An Examination of Factors Influencing Resident Attitudes toward Tourism in Twelve Ariozona Communities. Retrieved on December 12, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.ttra.com/pub/uploads/023.pdf.
Murphy, P. E. 1985. A Community Approach. London: Routledge.
Nepal, S. K. and K. E. Weber. 1995. Managing Resources and Resolving Conflicts-National Parks and Local People. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 4(2):11-25.
Nyaupane, G., D. Morais, and L. Dowler. 2006. The Role of Community Involvement and Number/Type of Visitors on Tourism Impacts: A Controlled Comparison of Annapurna,Nepal and Northwest Yunnan, China. Tourism Management 27(6):1373-1385.
Page, S. J. 2003. Tourism Management: Managing for Change. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Journal of Management & Technology
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Os direitos, inclusive os de tradução, são reservados. É permitido citar parte de artigos sem autorização prévia desde que seja identificada a fonte. A reprodução total de artigos é proibida. Em caso de dúvidas, consulte o Editor.